Christo Inventory for Substance-misuse Services

ã 1998 George Christo Ph.D., Psych.D.

Assessor..........................

 

Date.........................……..

Client................................................

DOB...…….……. M F

Intake assessment ...…..

or

Drugs of choice.......................................................……………(e.g., alcohol, opiates, etc.)

Follow-up assessment ..

Residence............................................................(e.g., hostel, prison, residential treatment, home, hospital, NFA)

Service Provision:

Name

Date in

Date out

Reason left

.....................................

…………........

………………

……………………………

 

This form is for evaluation / clinical audit purposes only and is a rough indicator of professional impression of recent drug / alcohol related problems in the past month. Specific situations / behaviours are listed only as guiding examples and may not reflect the exact situations / behaviours of the client. (Please ring a number under each heading)

 

Social functioning

0... e.g., client has a stable place to live and supportive friends or relatives who are drug / alcohol free.

1... e.g., client's living situation may not be stable……., or they may associate with drug users / heavy drinkers……. (Tick one)

2... e.g., living situation not stable, and they either claim to have no friends or their friends are drug users / heavy drinkers.

 

General health

0... e.g., client has reported no significant health problems.

1... moderate health problems e.g., teeth/sleep problems, occasional stomach pain, collapsed vein, asymptomatic hep B / C / HIV.

2... major problems e.g., extreme weight loss, jaundice, abscesses/infections, coughing up blood, fever, overdoses, blackouts, seizures, significant memory loss, neurological damage, HIV symptoms.

 

Sexual / injecting risk behaviour

0... e.g., client claims not to inject, or have unsafe sex (except in monogamous relationship with longstanding partner, spouse).

1... e.g., may admit to occasional "unsafe" sexual encounters, or suspected to be injecting but denies sharing injecting equipment.

2... e.g., client may admit to regular "unsafe" sexual encounters, or has recently been injecting and sharing injecting equipment.

 

Psychological

0... e.g., client appears well adjusted and relatively satisfied with the way their life is going.

1... e.g., client may have low self-esteem, general anxiety, poor sleep, may be unhappy or dissatisfied with their lot.

2... client has a neurotic disorder e.g., panic attacks, phobias, OCD, bulimia, recently attempted or seriously considered suicide, self-harm, overdose or may be clinically depressed. Or client may have psychotic disorders, paranoia (e.g., everybody is plotting against them), deluded beliefs or hallucinations (e.g. hearing voices).

 

Occupation

0... client is in full time occupation e.g., homemaker, parent, employed, or student.

1... e.g., client has some part time parenting, occupation or voluntary work.

2... e.g., client is largely unoccupied with any socially acceptable pastime.

 

Criminal involvement

0... e.g., no criminal involvement (apart from possible possession of illicit drugs for personal use).

1... e.g., client suspected of irregular criminal involvement, perhaps petty fraud, petty theft, drunk driving, small scale dealing.

2... e.g., suspected of regular criminal involvement, or breaking and entering, car theft, robbery, violence, assault.

 

Drug/alcohol use

0... e.g., no recent drug / alcohol use.

1... e.g., client suspected of periodic drug / alcohol use, or else may be socially using drugs that are not considered a problem, or may be on prescribed drugs but not supplementing from other sources.

2... e.g., client suspected of bingeing or regular drug / alcohol use.

 

Ongoing support

0... e.g., regular attendance of AA / NA, drug free drop in centre, day centre, counselling, or treatment aftercare.

1... e.g., patchy attendance i.e., less than once a week contact with at least one of the above.

2... e.g., client not known to be using any type of structured support.

 

Compliance

0... e.g., attends all appointments and meetings on time, follows suggestions, or complies with treatment requirements.

1... e.g., not very reliable, or may have been reported as having an "attitude" problem or other difficulty with staff.

2... e.g., chaotic, may have left treatment against staff advice or been ejected for non-compliance e.g. drug use, attitude problem.

 

Working Relationship

0... relatively easy going e.g., interviews easily, not time consuming or stressful to work with.

1... moderately challenging e.g., a bit demanding or time consuming, but not excessively so.

2... quite challenging e.g., very demanding, hard work, time consuming, emotionally draining or stressful to see.

 

CISS Total Score =

 

 

Tips on interpreting items.

All injectors score at least 1 on ‘sexual / injecting risk’. Some alcohol users when disinhibited have been known to have unsafe sex with casual partners.

Child care is an ‘occupation’ (you decide if full or part time).

Irregular petty crime (e.g., shoplifting) scores 1 on 'criminal involvement' unless it occurs on a regular basis (e.g., 2+ times a week), in which case it scores 2. Any instance of a more serious crime (e.g., violence) scores 2 regardless.

All methadone or benzodiazepine prescribed (scripted) clients score at least 1 on ‘drug use’, score 2 if using other drugs on top. Only drug free clients score 0.

Alcohol users who regularly binge still score 2 on ‘drug use’ even if they do not drink daily.

Prescribed medication drugs like SSRI’s or neuroleptics need not be classified as ‘drug use’. Prescribed abusable drugs like methodone, benzodiazepines or dexedrine are classified as drug use.

Clinic attendance classifies as ‘ongoing support’. All clients should score 1 or less, unless they were assessed at intake for the month before coming to your clinic.

‘Working relationships’ for clients with a lot of external professional involvement or issues (e.g., lawyers or child care & Social Services, reports that need writing) are unusually time consuming. They score 2 even if the client is not stressful to see.

 

 

 Links within CISS site 

CISS home page and index.

CISS form

CISS general overview. Unedited version of an explanatory article about CISS which appeared in Addiction Today Magazine (Nov/Dec, 1999)

CISS comparison scores for harm minimisation oriented methadone prescribing outpatient services

CISS comparison scores for an outpatient alcohol service (item score comparisons with drug users)  

CISS comparison scores and cutoffs for abstinence oriented services

CISS technical information (reliability, validity, correlations with other scales)  

CISS detailed information. Validation of the Christo Inventory for Substance-misuse Services (CISS): a simple outcome evaluation tool (from Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2000).

 

ã 1998 George Christo PhD, PsychD.